6. DNS

Domain Name System.

DNS´Â Domain Name System, Domain Name ServiceÀÇ ¸Ó¸´±ÛÀÚ¸¦ µý °ÍÀÌ´Ù. (System? Service? ¾î·µç À̸§¾ø´Â ip¿¡ Áö¸§À» Áö¾îÁÖ´Â °Í) °¢ host(computer in the net)µéÀº ÀڽŸ¸ÀÇ °íÀ¯ ip¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. networkÀÌ µÈ´Ù¸é ÀÌ°Ç ÀÀ´ç ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾î¶² host¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÒ ¶§ ÀÏÀÏÀÌ ip¸¦ ã¾Æ¼­ °¡¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¸é ÀüÈ­¹øÈ£ºÎ¿¡ »óÀÀÇϴ åÀ» Ç×»ó °¡Áö°í ´Ù³à¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¼ö°í¸¦ ´ú¾îÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °Ô ¹Ù·Î DNSÀÌ´Ù.

Primary Name Server

ÇÑ µµ¸ÞÀο¡ ¼ÓÇØ ÀÖ´Â hostsÀÇ À̸§µéÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â server, Domain Name Service°¡ ¼öÇàµÈ´Ù.

Secondary Name Server

Primary Name Server¿¡ ÀÌ»óÀÌ »ý°Ü ¿ÜºÎ·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ÁúÀÇ¿¡ ÀÀ´äÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â »óȲ¿¡ Primary Name Server¸¦ ´ë½ÅÇÏ¿© ip¸¦ nameÀ¸·Î Çؼ®ÇÏ´Â ÀÛ¾÷À» ÇÑ´Ù. Primary Name Server°¡ Á×À» ÀÏ ¾ø´Ù°í Àå´ãÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù¸é ÀÌ°Ç ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¿ªÀ¸·Î ¾î¶² »óȲÀ̵ç À¯¿¬ÇÏ°Ô service ÇÏ·Á¸é ÇʼöÀûÀ̶ó ÇÏ°Ú´Ù.

directory /var/namedÀ» ¸¸µéÀÚ.
±× ¼Ó¿¡¼­ ¸ðµç ÀÏÀº ÀϾ°í ³¡ÀÌ ³¯ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. (¸ðµç À̶õ ¸»¿¡ ¾à°£ÀÇ ¹«¸®¸¦ ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¾î·µç ~)

º¹ÀâÇÏ°í ÀÌ·ÐÀûÀÎ ¹®Á¦´Â ´Ù¸¥ site³ª ¹®¼­¿¡¼­ ³Ê¹«µµ ¸¹ÀÌ ´Ù·ç¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ½Ç¹«ÀûÀ¸·Î modifyÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °Íµé¸¸ ¤¾î °¡°Ú´Ù. ÀÌ°Ç ³ªÀÇ styleÀÌ´Ù. ¸¾¿¡ µé¾úÀ¸¸é ÇÑ´Ù.

ÀÌ¿¡ ¾Õ¼­ ±¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ (ȤÀº ¸¸µé¾î¾ß ÇÒ, ¶Ç´Â ¼öÁ¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ) files´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù. ÀÌ filesÀÇ À§Ä¡´Â ¾Õ¼­ ¸»ÇßµíÀÌ /var/named °¡ µÇ°Ú´Ù.

named.boot, named.hosts, named.local, named.rev, named.ca


named.boot
bootÀ̶ó´Â °­·ÄÇÑ ÀǹÌÀÇ ¹®ÀÚ¸¦ È®ÀÎÇß´Ù¸é, Àý¹ÝÀº ¼º°øÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. in.named ¶ó´Â named deamonÀÌ ½Ãµ¿µÉ ¶§ Á¦ÀÏ ¸ÕÀú ÀÐ¾î µéÀÌ´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù.
¿©±â¼± ÁÖ¼®À» »©¹ö·È´Âµ¥, Âü°í·Î ÁÖ¼®Àº ';'À¸·Î ½ÃÁ÷µÈ´Ù.

directory  /var/named
cache      .                     named.ca
primary    qur.com               named.hosts
primary    241.203.in-addr.arpa  named.rev
primary    0.0.127.in-addr.arpa  named.local

named.hosts
¿©±â¼± ÀÌ domain¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ hostµéÀÇ Á¤º¸¸¦ ´ã°í ÀÖ´Ù.

@        IN     SOA   blue.qur.com.  jhin.blue.qur.com. (
                                9707075 ; Serial [yymmdd]
                                3600    ; Refresh
                                300     ; Retry
                                3600000 ; Expire
                                86400 ) ; Minimum
                 IN     NS      blue.qur.com.
                 IN     NS      red.qur.com.
                 IN     NS      ns.internic.net.
                        IN      MX 0    blue.qur.com.
blue                    IN      A       203.241.183.23
red                     IN      A       203.241.181.12
staffs                  IN      A       203.241.184.61
white                   IN      A       203.241.184.65
rh1                     IN      A       203.241.183.200
rh2                     IN      A       203.241.183.201
ns.internic.net.        IN      A       198.41.0.4
localhost        IN     A        127.0.0.1
www              IN     CNAME    red

named.local
¾Æ·¡¿¡ ¼³¸íÇÒ named.rev¿Í °°Àº °ÍÀε¥, Named Server¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸(local info)ÀÌ´Ù.

@     IN   SOA   blue.qur.com.  jhin.blue.qur.com. (
                 9707071        ; serial
                 36000          ; refresh every 100 hours
                 3600           ; refresh after 1 hour
                 3600000        ; expire after 1000 hours
                 36000          ; default ttl is 100 hours
                 )
      IN    NS   blue.qur.com.
1     IN    PTR  localhost.

named.rev
ip ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ hostµé¿¡°Ô ÇÒ´çµÈ nameÀ¸·Î mappingÇϱâ À§ÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ¾î¶² server¿¡ telnetÀ¸·Î Á¢¼ÓÇØ 'who'¶ó´Â ¸í·É¾î·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ µé¾î¿Â °÷À» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¶§, ip°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó host nameÀÌ »Ñ·ÁÁö¸é ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ È°µ¿À» ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
name.rev¿¡¼­ rev´Â reverseÀÇ ¾àÀÚÀÌ´Ù. ±×·³ ÀÌÇØ°¡ µÇ°Ú´Â°¡? named.hosts¿¡¼­ ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÇ ¹Ý´ëµÇ´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.
¾î¶² anonymous ftp¶óµçÁö, web¿¡¼­ ƯÁ¤ fileÀ» Àü¼Û ¹ÞÀ» ¶§, (¿¹¸¦ µé¸é www.javasoft.com¿¡¼­ ¹èÆ÷ÇÏ´Â java web server...) host nameÀÌ È®ÀεÇÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é °ÅºÎ´çÇÒ °æ¿ì°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
(²À ±×·± °Ç ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸...) ÀÌ·² ¶§ ¿ä±äÇÏ°Ô ¾²ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

$ORIGIN 241.203.in-addr.arpa.
@     IN    SOA   blue.qur.com.  jhin.blue.qur.com. (
                                 9707072    ;  serial
                                 43200      ;  refresh
                                 3600       ;  retry
                                 36000000   ;  expire
                                 2592000    ;  manimum
                                 )
                IN      NS    blue.qur.com.
                IN      NS    red.qur.com.
                IN      NS    ns.internic.net.
;
23.183          IN      PTR   blue.qur.com.
12.181          IN      PTR   red.qur.com.
65.184          IN      PTR   white.qur.com.
61.184          IN      PTR   staffs.qur.com.

named.ca
root domain¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¼ö·ÏÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ cache ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù¸é ftp://nic.ddn.mil¿¡¼­ °¡Á® ¿À¸é µÈ´Ù.
Name Server´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °üÇÒÇÏ´Â domain¿¡ °üÇÑ Á¤º¸ »Ó¸¸¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿ÜºÎÀÇ °Íµéµµ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯±â À§ÇØ ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº ÇʼöÀûÀ̶ó ÇÏ°Ú´Ù.
Name Server·Î ¿äûÇÑ Á¤º¸°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °üÇÒÇÏ´Â domainÀÇ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ¿­°ÅµÈ °÷µéÀ» ¼øȯÇϸ鼭 ã¾Æ ³»°Ô µÈ´Ù.

.                     3600000 IN NS   NS.INTERNIC.NET.
NS.INTERNIC.NET.      3600000    A    198.41.0.4
.                     3600000    NS   B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.   3600000    A    128.9.0.107
.                     3600000    NS   C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.   3600000    A    192.33.4.12
.                     3600000    NS   D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.   3600000    A    128.8.10.90
......